Dr. Ali‑Asghar Ajali, General Practitioner at Razi Hospital of Mahneshan, emphasized the vital role of nutrition during the golden years of child development, stating that proper nutrition is not merely about satisfying hunger, but rather about providing the essential fuel for physical growth, cognitive development, and strengthening the immune system. Neglecting childhood nutrition, he warned, can lead to irreversible damage to a child’s future health. In an interview with Webda–Zanjan, Dr. Ajali described childhood nutrition as the most influential factor in determining an individual’s future health, noting that the early years of growth represent a unique opportunity to build a healthy body and a capable mind. He explained that micronutrients and proteins serve as the fundamental building blocks of bones and muscles, and without adequate intake of these nutrients, children cannot reach their full potential for height and physical development. Referring to the direct relationship between nutrition and learning, he added that a child’s developing brain is highly active and energy‑dependent. The consumption of omega‑3 fatty acids (found in fish and walnuts) and iron has a direct impact on concentration, memory, and learning ability. Highlighting that iron‑deficiency anemia can lead to poor academic performance and chronic fatigue among students, Dr. Ajali underscored the role of nutrition in disease prevention. He noted that children who receive a balanced and healthy diet—alongside other factors such as adequate sleep and physical activity—develop stronger immune systems and experience fewer illnesses. In this regard, vitamins A, C, and D, as well as the mineral zinc, play key roles. Dr. Ajali encouraged parents to follow a diverse and balanced dietary plate and outlined the most important food groups essential for children’s growth: Proteins (body‑building nutrients): Eggs as a complete protein source, meats—particularly moderate amounts of red meat for iron and protein—and legumes as low‑fat, fiber‑rich alternatives. Dairy products (golden source of calcium): Milk, yogurt, and cheese are essential for strong bones and teeth. Daily consumption of dairy products, preferably full‑fat varieties, is recommended to meet the energy needs of growing children. Fruits and vegetables (sources of vitamins and fiber): Green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale are excellent sources of calcium and vitamin K, while colorful fruits like oranges and kiwis are rich in vitamin C and enhance iron absorption. Whole grains (energy providers): Whole‑grain bread, brown rice, and oats supply sustained energy and are good sources of magnesium and B‑complex vitamins. In another part of the interview, Dr. Ajali warned about the negative effects of certain foods on children’s growth. He explained that salty snacks such as chips and puffed corn products, due to their high sodium content, promote calcium loss and weaken bones. Carbonated beverages, containing phosphoric acid, disrupt calcium‑phosphorus balance and inhibit calcium absorption.

He identified fast foods and high‑fat meals as contributors to obesity and disturbances in growth hormone function, and cautioned against refined sugars and industrial fruit juices, stating that in addition to causing dental caries, they lead to blood sugar fluctuations, irritability, and reduced concentration in children. Dr. Ajali advised parents on establishing healthy eating habits in their children, noting that early childhood is the most critical period for shaping taste preferences. He emphasized that parents should serve as positive role models for healthy nutrition. He also highlighted the importance of smart snacking, recommending nutritious alternatives such as nuts (walnuts and almonds), fresh fruits, yogurt, or simple combinations like bread, cheese, and walnuts instead of low‑nutrient snacks. Describing water as the best beverage for children, Dr. Ajali encouraged parents to replace sugary drinks with water. He also suggested involving children in food preparation, as children tend to show greater interest in foods they help prepare. Finally, he cautioned parents against the unsupervised use of dietary supplements for children, stressing that inappropriate supplementation may be harmful and that parents should always consult a pediatrician before administering supplements. Dr. Ajali concluded by stating that the cost spent today on ensuring healthy nutrition for children is, in fact, an investment in a healthier, smarter, and more successful future.