A pediatric specialist has warned about the relatively high prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among children and adolescents, highlighting its often hidden yet serious consequences. He emphasized the critical role of parents in early recognition of symptoms to prevent physical and academic complications.Dr. Kambiz Davari, pediatrician, stated in an interview with Webda–Zanjan that parents’ awareness of the signs of anemia can significantly contribute to improving children’s health. He noted that anemia is a relatively common condition in childhood and, if neglected, may lead to various complications.He explained that the most important and prevalent type of anemia in children results from nutritional deficiencies, particularly inadequate iron intake. Iron plays a fundamental role in the production of hemoglobin, which is responsible for transporting oxygen to body tissues. In addition, this essential nutrient contributes to skin, hair, and nail health, supports immune system functioning, and is vital for communication between nerve cells.Discussing the symptoms of this condition, Dr. Davari noted that the clinical manifestations of iron-deficiency anemia can be diverse and may go unnoticed in mild cases. The most common symptoms include fatigue, rapid exhaustion, restlessness and mood changes, poor appetite, and pallor.He pointed to additional warning signs, adding that cravings for non-food substances such as soil, ice, or chalk; dry and rough skin; brittle and thinning hair; spoon-shaped nails; and cracked corners of the lips may also indicate iron deficiency.He further explained that in chronic cases, symptoms may intensify. Long-standing anemia can result in impaired growth curves in younger children, and in older children, academic decline and difficulty concentrating. Increased susceptibility to infections is also likely due to weakened immune function.Addressing the underlying causes, Dr. Davari identified inadequate nutritional practices—particularly insufficient iron supplementation during infancy—as the most significant factor contributing to iron-deficiency anemia. However, he cautioned that other causes should not be overlooked. Gastrointestinal conditions that impair nutrient absorption, chronic bleeding such as recurrent nosebleeds or anal bleeding due to constipation, and inadequate nutritional attention during adolescence—especially among girls during puberty—are among the key contributors. He noted that black, tarry stools may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding and require urgent medical evaluation.In conclusion, Dr. Davari emphasized the importance of prevention and advised parents that with proper attention to healthy nutrition, regular iron supplementation during infancy, and awareness of the warning signs, many cases of iron deficiency and its complications can be prevented, paving the way for a healthier and more capable generation.